Having taught English for over a decade, I’ve seen how grammar can quickly become perplexing – especially when dealing with compound nouns. The term “passerby” is one that frequently trips up even fluent speakers. Its structure and plural forms are unique, which leads to regular confusion. The word is created by combining the verb “pass” and the adverb “by,” forming a noun that describes an individual who passes by a place, typically on foot. The roots of this term go back to the late 18th century, when it first appeared as the hyphenated form “passer-by.” Over time, it evolved into a closed compound, especially in American usage.
In classroom, a frequent sticking point is how to go about pluralizing this term. The correct plural is “passersby” – not “passerbys” or “passerbyers.” This mistake usually stems from a weak understanding of how pluralization applies to compound nouns where the primary noun precedes the modifier. The rule is simple: only the noun part changes, not the modifier. It’s a consistent pattern seen in other compound constructions. This article sheds light on the misconceptions surrounding the usage of “passerby” and how such small structures can impact clear communication.
| Singular | Plural |
| passerby | passersby |
| runner-up | runners-up |
| mother-in-law | mothers-in-law |
| attorney general | attorneys general |
The Incorrect Form “Passerbyers” and Its Usage
The term “passerbyers” is a common misformation. While some might believe adding “-ers” pluralizes “passerby,” it’s grammatically incorrect.
Why “Passerbyers” is Incorrect
The confusion stems from the tendency to regularize irregular forms. However, in this case, “passersby” remains the standard.
Hyphenation: “Passers-by” vs. “Passersby”
Historically, “passerby” was written as “passer-by,” with the plural being “passers-by.”
Modern Usage
- American English: Prefers the closed compound “passersby.”
- British English: Both “passersby” and “passers-by” are acceptable, though the hyphenated form is more traditional.
Correct Usage: Why “Passersby” is the Standard Form
Leading dictionaries and grammar guides endorse “passersby” as the correct plural:
- Merriam-Webster: Defines “passersby” as the plural of “passerby.”
- Cambridge Dictionary: Lists “passers-by” as the plural of “passer-by.”
- Oxford English Dictionary: Recognizes both “passersby” and “passers-by.”
Real-World Examples: “Passersby” in Use
To illustrate the correct usage:
- “Several passersby stopped to help the injured cyclist.”
- “The street performer attracted a crowd of passersby.”
The Evolution of Language and “Passersby”
Language is dynamic, and while “passersby” is currently standard, usage can evolve. However, as of now, “passerbyers” remains nonstandard and should be avoided in formal writing.
Final Thoughts
The correct plural form of “passerby” is “passersby”, not “passerbyers”. While it’s easy to make the mistake of adding an extra “-ers,” English grammar often has exceptions, and “passersby” is one of them. By understanding and using the proper form, you ensure your writing remains clear and grammatically sound. Remember, language evolves, but sticking to established rules helps you communicate effectively and confidently.
FAQs
What is the correct plural of “passerby”?
The correct plural is “passersby.”
Is “passerbyers” ever acceptable?
No, “passerbyers” is not recognized in standard English.
Why does “passersby” sound unusual?
It’s an example of internal pluralization, where the noun within a compound is pluralized.Writing Explained
Do British and American English differ in usage?
Yes. American English prefers “passersby,” while British English accepts both “passersby” and “passers-by.”
Can I use “people passing by” instead?
Absolutely. Phrases like “people passing by” or “bystanders” are acceptable alternatives.
